Question bank

A 48-year-old woman complaining of dysuria is diagnosed with a UTI by urinalysis. Urine culture and sensitivities reveal that the causative organism belongs to the genus Klebsiella and is resistant to multiple antibiotics. Based upon the results available, you decide to begin therapy with gentamicin. Before doing so, you explain to the patient that antibiotics such as gentamicin are often associated with which of the following?

A32-year-old woman is referred to you by her dermatologist for further evaluation. She developed these changes gradually in the last year. Her hands are seen in Figure. What other associated disease is most likely?

A63-year-old man complains of sudden onset of right-sided headache while at work. He rapidly becomes confused and lethargic. On examination, he is hemiparetic and has bilateral Babinski signs. ACT scan of the head is shown in the figure. What is the patient most likely to have?

A 65-year-old man presents to your office for evaluation of abdominal pain. The patient states that he has epigastric pain that radiates to his back. The pain is worse with eating and improves with fasting. The pain has been present for 6 months and is gradually worsening. The patient has lost 15 lbs but feels his oral intake has been adequate. He complains of greasy stools and frequent thirst and urination. Examination reveals a thin male with temporal wasting and oderate abdominal pain with palpation. The patient consumes approximately 1015 beers per day and smokes a pack of cigarettes per day for the past 20 years. The patient's abdominal pain worsens and his weight loss progresses despite therapy, and you suspect that he may have a malignancy. If a malignancy was present, which tumor marker would be most likely to be elevated in this patient?

While visiting a neighbor, a 14-year-old girl is bitten on the left hand by the neighbor's pet cat. The cat is an indoor pet and has had all of the required routine vaccinations. You see the girl in the office approximately 1 hour after the injury. On the dorsum of the left hand you see two shallow puncture wounds that are not actively bleeding. She has full range of motion of her hand, normal capillary refill, and sensation. You see in the chart that the patient had a diphtheria/tetanus (dT) booster vaccine last year. What is the most appropriate management at this time?

A74-year-old male with a history of hypertension, CAD, and a 50 pack-year history of smoking presents with complaints of pain and cramping sensation of the thigh and buttock areas for the past 2 months. On detailed history, patient reports that the pain is usually during ambulation and relieves with sitting down. The pain does not change with respect to sitting or supine position. He denies any recent trauma, weakness of the legs, or paresthesias. He takes his prescription medications regularly and denies using alcohol, drugs, or any herbs/ supplements. Which of the following should be performed as an initial test to help confirm your clinical impression?

A61-year-old man comes to your office for a checkup. He currently feels well and has no focal complaints. He has a past medical history significant for wellcontrolled hypertension, and his gallbladder was removed 3 years ago in the setting of acute cholecystitis. He does not smoke and drinks one to two alcoholic beverages per day. Family history is remarkable for colon cancer in his mother at age 45 and a brother at age 49. He has a sister who developed endometrial cancer at age 53. He has never undergone colon cancer screening and is interested in pursuing this. The patient's family history is strongly suggestive of which of the following?

A59-year-old woman who lives independently and had been healthy, presents to the emergency department with cough and fever. She related she was well until 2 days before when she noted onset of fever, chills, and cough productive of yellow sputum. On examination, you note a tired appearing woman with BP of 160/90, pulse of 105, and respiratory rate of 32. You start her on ceftriaxone and azithromycin and admit her to the hospital. Which of the following factors is a poor prognostic sign in community acquired pneumonia?

A 73-year-old man has been experiencing increasing drowsiness and incoherence. He has a history of arrhythmias and has fallen twice in the past 2 weeks. There are no focal deficits on neurologic examination. Acontrast CT scan of the head is shown in the figure below. Which of the following is the treatment of choice? parenteral antibiotics

A 70-year-old male is seen in the office for chest pain. He reports that he is getting substernal chest pain, without radiation, when he mows his lawn. The pain resolves with 1015 minutes of rest. He has never had pain at rest. He has no other cardiac complaints and his review of systems is otherwise negative. He has an unremarkable medical history and takes only a baby aspirin a day. On examination, his blood pressure is 160/70, pulse 85, and respiratory rate 16. His cardiac examination is notable for a harsh, 3/6 systolic ejection murmur along the sternal border that radiates to the carotid arteries. His carotid pulsation is noted to rise slowly and is small and sustained. His lungs are clear. The remainder of his examination is normal. Which of the following would be the most appropriate test to order next?

A 65-year-old man presents to your office for evaluation of abdominal pain. The patient states that he has epigastric pain that radiates to his back. The pain is worse with eating and improves with fasting. The pain has been present for 6 months and is gradually worsening. The patient has lost 15 lbs but feels his oral intake has been adequate. He complains of greasy stools and frequent thirst and urination. Examination reveals a thin male with temporal wasting and oderate abdominal pain with palpation. The patient consumes approximately 1015 beers per day and smokes a pack of cigarettes per day for the past 20 years. What would be the best initial test to do in this patient?

A 40-year-old woman presents with nausea, vomiting, and weakness. She has been amenorrheic since the birth of her last child 1 year ago and has not felt well since that time. On examination, she appears chronically ill, her thyroid is not palpable, and there is no galactorrhea. Laboratory studies on admission include: The most appropriate next step is to start treatment with which of the following?

A 50-year-old female presents to your office for evaluation of solid food dysphagia without weight loss. Symptoms have been present for 6 months and are progressive. The patient has had two episodes of near impaction, but copious water ingestion and repeated swallows allowed the food bolus to pass. She has never had to present to the ER for disimpaction. She drinks five to six beers per day, loves spicy foods, and smokes a pack of cigarettes daily with a total lifetime history of 30 pack-years. She has had intermittent heartburn symptoms for years and has not sought treatment. She takes hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension. Review of symptoms reveals chronic cough. Physical examination is unremarkable. Upper endoscopy reveals a distal esophageal stricture with inflammatory changes. Esophageal biopsies reveal benign mucosa with chronic inflammation. Gastric biopsies are unremarkable. Helicobacter pylori testing is negative. The patient is at increased risk for which of the following illnesses?

A 70-year-old man presents with shuffling gait, tremor, masked facies, and rigidity which have progressed over the last 9 months. Parkinson's disease is diagnosed. Which of the following is not true about Parkinson's disease?

Select the ONE best lettered option that is most closely associated with the question below. A 32-year-old White female with anemia, arthralgia, alopecia, and RBC casts on urinalysis. rheumatoid arthritis SLE Wegener's granulomatosus polyarteritis nodosa Goodpasture syndrome

A 23-year-old woman presents to your acute care clinic with a complaint of fever, sore throat, and malaise of sudden onset. Her prior medical history is significant for schizophrenia. Her vitals signs are: BP 116/80, HR 112, RR 26, Temp 100.6 degrees Fahrenheit. On physical examination, her oral cavity features painful aphthous ulcers as well as swollen gums. Initial laboratory testing includes a CBC which returns with the following results: Leukocyte count 800/mm3 Hgb 12.1 g/dL HCT 37.0% Platelet count 212 × 109/L Differential: Neutrophils, segmented 52% Neutrophils, bands 3% Lymphocytes 35% Monocytes 7% Eosinophils 3% Basophils 0% Use of which of the following must be considered when formulating a differential diagnosis to explain this patient's symptoms?

Select the ONE best lettered option that is most closely associated with the question below. A40-year- old male with purulent, bloody sinus drainage, hemoptysis, and rising creatinine rheumatoid arthritis SLE Wegener's granulomatosus polyarteritis nodosa

A28-year-old male, well known to your clinic, presents for management of swelling, pain, and tenderness that has developed in his left ankle and right knee. It has persisted for 1 month. Your patient reports that he developed severe diarrhea after a picnic 1 month prior to the onset of his arthritis. During the interval between the diarrhea and onset of arthritis, he developed a "pink eye" that lasted for 4 days. He denies any symptoms of back pain or stiffness. You remember that he was treated with ceftriaxone and doxycycline for gonorrhea 2 years ago, which he acquired from sexual activity with multiple partners. Since that time, he has been in a monogamous relationship with his wife and has not had any genitourinary symptoms. He promises that he has been faithful to his wife and has not engaged in unprotected sexual activity outside his marriage. His physical examination is notable for a swollen left ankle, swollen right knee, and the absence of penile discharge or any skin lesions. What would be the appropriate management for this patient's arthritis?

A 54-year-old man presents to the emergency department complaining of epigastric discomfort, which began while he was walking his dog after dinner about one-half hour earlier. He has not received medical care for several years. On examination, he is moderately obese and in obvious discomfort and seems restless. His BP is 160/98 mmHg, and his examination is otherwise unremarkable. His ECG is seen in Figure below: Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?

A24-year-old male medical student is admitted to the hospital for the evaluation of a 3-month history of bloody stools. The patient has approximately six blood stained or blood streaked stools per day, associated with relatively little, if any, pain. He has not had any weight loss, and he has been able to attend classes without interruption. He denies any fecal incontinence. He has no prior medical history. Review of systems is remarkable only for occasional fevers and the fact that the patient quit smoking approximately 8 months ago. A colonoscopy is performed and reveals a granular, friable colonic mucosal surface with loss of normal vascular pattern from the anal verge to the hepatic flexure of the colon. Biopsies reveal prominent neutrophils in the epithelium and cryptitis with focal crypt abscesses, and no dysplasia. The patient is diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. While on the inpatient service, the patient is noted to have a serum alkaline phosphatase of 380 U/L and a bilirubin of 2.4 mg/dL. An ERCP is performed, and the following cholangiogram is obtained. In addition to ulcerative colitis, the patient likely has what other illness?