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3,531 questions
Avascular necrosis is most likely to occur in fracture dislocations involving which of the following?
A3-year-old boy suddenly begins choking and coughing while eating peanuts. On physical examination he is coughing frequently. He has inspiratory stridor and mild intercostal and suprasternal retractions. Initial management should include which of the following?
A38-year-old man, previously in good health, suddenly develops severe abdominal pain radiating from the left loin to the groin and associated with nausea, perspiration, and frequent urination. He is restless, tossing in bed, but has no abnormal findings. The most likely diagnosis is which of the following?
During a well-child visit, the grandmother of an 18-month-old patient is concerned because the child's feet turn inward. She first noticed this when her grandson began to walk. It does not seem to bother the child. On examining his gait, his knees point forward and his feet turn inward. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this condition?
A 50-year-old man comes to the emergency room (ER) with a history of vomiting of 3 days' duration. His past history reveals that for approximately 20 years he has been experiencing epigastric pain that lasts for 23 weeks during spring and autumn. He remembers getting relief from pain by taking milk and antacids. Physical examination showed fullness in the epigastric area with visible peristalsis, absence of tenderness, and normal active bowel sounds. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A 13-year-old girl presents with parental concerns of poor posture. She has not had any back pain. On examination, she has unequal shoulder height, asymmetric flank creases, and a forward- bending test that shows rib asymmetry. The physical examination is otherwise normal. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her condition?
After 10 days of nasal congestion and rhinorrhea, a 3-month-old infant develops a severe hacking cough during which he repeatedly turns dusky and appears to choke on or to vomit profuse thick, clear nasopharyngeal mucus. For 7 days, the coughing continues unabated. On physical examination, he is afebrile and his lungs are clear. His chest x-ray is normal. His WBC count is 24,000/mm3, with 15% polymorphonuclear cells, 82% lymphocytes, and 3% monocytes. Which of the following antibiotics should be used to treat this patient? amoxicillin
A 58-year-old woman with stage II epithelial ovarian cancer undergoes successful surgical debulking followed by chemotherapy with carboplatin and radiation therapy. Subsequently, she develops nonpitting edema of both legs and pain and numbness in her legs. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her pain and numbness?
A 39-year-old HIV-positive male presents for routine follow-up. He is on highly active antiretroviral therapy. A CD4 count is 250/L. His vital signs are within normal limits and his examination is normal. He has a PPD placed and follows up in 48 hours. At the site of the injection you find 6 mm of induration. A CXR is normal. He has never been treated for tuberculosis or a positive PPD before. Which management option is most appropriate?
A 19-year-old woman who is 2 months postpartum complains of palpitations, heat intolerance, tremulousness, weight loss, and fatigue. Her thyroid is prominent and firm but nontender. Serum TSH level was undetectable. A nuclear medicine radioactive iodine uptake is performed and shows no uptake of iodine in the neck. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step?
An 11-year-old girl has her first menses. Both ovaries contain approximately how many oocytes?
A 60-year-old male with a history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia undergoes an evaluation for angina. He states that he routinely experiences dyspnea, fatigue, and retrosternal chest discomfort when performing activities such as walking around the block on which his house is located or climbing the flight of stairs within his home. Besides taking medications for his blood pressure and cholesterol, he uses nitroglycerin which successfully alleviates his symptoms. Which of the following best describes the severity of this patient's angina?
A 48-year-old woman complaining of dysuria is diagnosed with a UTI by urinalysis. Urine culture and sensitivities reveal that the causative organism belongs to the genus Klebsiella and is resistant to multiple antibiotics. Based upon the results available, you decide to begin therapy with gentamicin. Which of the following would lead to the classification of this patient's infection as "complicated?"
A 55-year-old man complains of severe headaches over the past few weeks. Similar episodes have occurred in past years. Which of the following supports the diagnosis of cluster headaches?
A 63-year-old male presents to your office with palpitations for the past 3 weeks. He has had no chest pains or dyspnea. He has no significant medical history and takes no medications. He does not smoke cigarettes and a recent lipid panel was normal. On examination, he is in no apparent distress. His pulse is 115 bpm and irregular. His BP is 125/77. His lungs are clear and his cardiac examination reveals an irregularly irregular rhythm with no murmurs, rubs, or gallops. Which of the following is most likely to be found on an ECG?
A 42-year-old woman is noted to have a multinodular goiter on examination. She has no symptoms and is clinically euthyroid. Which of the following statements about Hashimoto's thyroiditis is true?
A 39-year-old HIV-positive male presents for routine follow-up. He is on highly active antiretroviral therapy. A CD4 count is 250/L. His vital signs are within normal limits and his examination is normal. One month later, a repeat measurement of the patient's CD4 count is 225/L. Which of the following interventions would be the most appropriate at this time?
A64-year-old man with hypertension presents for routine follow-up of his blood pressure. His home blood pressure log reveals readings in the 150/70 range. His home monitor had previously been verified by clinic BP readings. He denies any complaints. His current medications include HCTZ 25 mg daily, metoprolol 100 mg twice daily, enalapril 20 mg twice daily, and amlodipine 10 mg daily. He states he is adherent to his medication, drug, and exercise regimen as you recommended. At this time, how would you advise the patient?
A 24-year-old nullipara is being evaluated for infertility. On pelvic examination, she has a single cervix. A diagnostic laparoscopy shows a double uterine fundus. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis of her uterine anomaly? septate uterus
A pregnant woman is being followed by a nephrologist for chronic glomerulonephritis. Which of the following findings is normal at 28 weeks' gestation?