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3,531 questions
Select the organism associated with the following clinical findings: A50-year-old man who reports drinking two or three alcoholic beverages per day complains of chronic, vague, intermittent dyspepsia. aureus beta-hemolytic Streptococcus respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) Mycoplasma pneumoniae Haemophilus pertussis
In January, you see an 18-month-old boy in the middle of the night in the pediatric emergency department. The father relates that 1 hour ago his son started coughing. The father describes the cough as barking ("seal" like). The child has mild stridor at rest, but otherwise is not in respiratory distress. His RR is 45 breaths per minute. He has a temperature of 103.4°F. What is the most likely diagnosis?
In January, you see an 18-month-old boy in the middle of the night in the pediatric emergency department. The father relates that 1 hour ago his son started coughing. The father describes the cough as barking ("seal" like). The child has mild stridor at rest, but otherwise is not in respiratory distress. His RR is 45 breaths per minute. He has a temperature of 103.4°F. What is the most common etiology of this illness in children?
Select the organism associated with the following clinical findings: Approximately 12 hours after a banquet, most of those who ate stew report abdominal cramps and diarrhea which subsided after 12 days. aureus beta-hemolytic Streptococcus respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) Mycoplasma pneumoniae Haemophilus pertussis
In January, you see an 18-month-old boy in the middle of the night in the pediatric emergency department. The father relates that 1 hour ago his son started coughing. The father describes the cough as barking ("seal" like). The child has mild stridor at rest, but otherwise is not in respiratory distress. His RR is 45 breaths per minute. He has a temperature of 103.4°F. What is the most common x-ray finding in this illness?
When making recommendations to a state general assembly against routine premarital screening, the State Health Commissioner used the following data to arrive at his conclusions. The state had a young adult population of 100,000. Their actual prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was 1 per 1000. The best screening test available had a sensitivity of 98% and a specificity of 95%. How many people in this population would have screened false positive?
Parents bring their 12-year-old son to your clinic for evaluation. The child states that he gets teased a lot in school because of his short stature. His weight and height are below the 10th percentile for his age. His parents are of average height. Following your physical examination, you determine that he has tanner stage 1 development and his bone age is that of a 9-year-old male. His examination is otherwise normal. What is the most likely diagnosis?
You are reviewing a cohort (follow-up) study to determine whether dietary fiber reduces the risk of colon cancer. In the study, the population at risk at the beginning of the follow-up period should consist of which of the following?
A new screening test for prostate cancer becomes available. You assess whether this will be useful to your practice by reviewing the operating characteristics of the test. The test's ability to correctly classify diseased persons as having disease is called what? specificity
Parents bring their 12-year-old son to your clinic for evaluation. The child states that he gets teased a lot in school because of his short stature. His weight and height are below the 10th percentile for his age. His parents are of average height. Following your physical examination, you determine that he has tanner stage 1 development and his bone age is that of a 9-year-old male. His examination is otherwise normal. What is the most likely diagnosis? Which of the following is a true statement regarding the assessment of a child with short stature?
Among the observational study designs, the prospective cohort design offers which of the following advantages?
A mother brings her 15-year-old son in for a preparticipation sports physical examination. She feels that her son has not yet undergone pubertal changes and that makes her concerned. Which of the following is a true statement regarding puberty delay?
On January 15, 2005, a health survey was performed in an elementary school of a developing country. All the school children were examined for conjunctivitis, and 2% of the children were diagnosed with the disease. From these data, one can determine which of the following?
A mother brings her 15-year-old son in for a preparticipation sports physical examination. She feels that her son has not yet undergone pubertal changes and that makes her concerned. Which of the following physical examination findings is usually the first sign of the onset of puberty in males?
A mother brings her 21/2-year-old daughter to your office for evaluation of frequent urination. The mother relates that the daughter seems to be urinating more frequently, up to 810 times in a day, over the past week. The girl complains of pain when she urinates, but the urine does not have any different odor to it. The mother says that the girl otherwise seems fine and still loves to take her bubble bath at night. The girl does not have a fever, weight loss, diarrhea, or vomiting. What is the most appropriate next step in evaluating this girl?
The laboratory test has a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 70%. You want to have 1000 persons take the test. To estimate the positive predictive value of the test for this population, you need to know which of the following?
A mother brings her 21/2-year-old daughter to your office for evaluation of frequent urination. The mother relates that the daughter seems to be urinating more frequently, up to 810 times in a day, over the past week. The girl complains of pain when she urinates, but the urine does not have any different odor to it. The mother says that the girl otherwise seems fine and still loves to take her bubble bath at night. The girl does not have a fever, weight loss, diarrhea, or vomiting What is the most likely diagnosis?
Doing a retrospective chart review of unmatched cases and controls, you calculate an OR to make an initial assessment of whether women who have had induced abortions are more likely to develop breast cancer. Twenty of 100 women with breast cancer reported a history of induced abortion. Ten of 200 women without breast cancer reported a history of induced abortion. What are the exposure odds among cases? 0.250
Parents bring you a 9-month-old boy they recently have adopted from western Russia. They have sparse medical records of the child's past. They do know that the boy was the result of a sexual assault on the mother and was given up at birth. The child has been in a "baby home" for 5 months. The records which accompanied the boy indicate that there had been some testing done. These tests include HIV, hepatitis B and C serologies, and a rapid plasma reagin (RPR), all of which are negative at 8 months of age. There is what appears to be a Russian immunization record as well. It seems to indicate that the child has had three diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTP), three oral polio, and three hepatitis B vaccinations. There is also an indication that BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guérin) was given. The parents are interested in having the boy tested for infections. What is the most appropriate evaluation at this time?
A mother relates seeing worms in her 3-yearold's stool. She describes them as 1-cm long white threads that seemed to be moving. What is the most likely infectious etiology for this finding?