Medical
Browse, search and filter 3,531 questions.
3,531 questions
Among the conditions that cause edema of the eyelids is orbital cellulitis. This is a serious infection that must be recognized early and treated aggressively if complications are to be avoided. Which of the following features is useful in differentiating orbital cellulitis from periorbital (preseptal) cellulitis?
A 49-year-old male postal worker presents to your office for the evaluation of a lesion on his left arm. The lesion started about a week ago as a red pustule but has grown and now has a thick black scab. The lesion is painless. A coworker showed the patient a similar appearing lesion that she developed on her arm for which her doctor prescribed an oral antibiotic. Examination reveals a 5 cm circular black eschar with some surrounding vesicles. A Gram stain of fluid drained from a vesicle reveals chains of gram-positive bacilli. The patient asks how he contracted this infection. Which of the following do you tell him?
A 6-month-old infant is diagnosed with her first episode of otitis media. She does not have any allergies to medications. Which of the following medications would be the recommended initial therapy for this infant?
A 49-year-old male postal worker presents to your office for the evaluation of a lesion on his left arm. The lesion started about a week ago as a red pustule but has grown and now has a thick black scab. The lesion is painless. A coworker showed the patient a similar appearing lesion that she developed on her arm for which her doctor prescribed an oral antibiotic. Examination reveals a 5 cm circular black eschar with some surrounding vesicles. A Gram stain of fluid drained from a vesicle reveals chains of gram-positive bacilli. Which of the following is characteristic of Varicella (chickenpox) but not smallpox?
A5-year-old pedestrian is hit by a car in a mall parking lot and he is brought to the emergency department. There was loss of consciousness for less than 1 minute. On evaluation, the child has no neurologic deficits and a CT scan of the head reveals no intracranial abnormalities and no obvious skull fractures. The parents want to know what possible long-term problems there might be. You remember that problems after head trauma may include the development of seizures and that the risk of developing posttraumatic epilepsy is increased by which of the following?
A 60-year-old woman presents to your office to discuss her ongoing treatment with HRT that she takes for menopausal symptoms. She was started on estrogen and progesterone replacement at the age of 51 and has been on them since that time. She has read several articles in newspapers and on the Internet stating that hormone therapy is dangerous. You briefly review the results of the Women's Health Initiative study, a randomized-controlled trial comparing health outcomes in women taking combined estrogen-progestin therapy (HRT) versus a placebo. The results are as follows: Based on the results listed, what can you tell your patient about women taking HRT?
A 4-year-old previously healthy but unimmunized boy presents with sudden onset of high fever, inspiratory stridor, and refusal to drink. Of the following causes of inspiratory stridor, which best fits this clinical scenario?
A 60-year-old woman presents to your office to discuss her ongoing treatment with HRT that she takes for menopausal symptoms. She was started on estrogen and progesterone replacement at the age of 51 and has been on them since that time. She has read several articles in newspapers and on the Internet stating that hormone therapy is dangerous. You briefly review the results of the Women's Health Initiative study, a randomized-controlled trial comparing health outcomes in women taking combined estrogen-progestin therapy (HRT) versus a placebo. The results are as follows: The authors provided composite data on total cardiovascular disease, cancer, fracture, and mortality risks, which are summarized in the chart. Based on the data presented, which of the following statements is true?
A15-month-old African American male, who is otherwise healthy, is found to have an emoglobin level of 8 g/dL on routine screening. The mean corpuscular volume (MCV) is decreased. His lead screen is within normal limits. You obtain a diet history, which reveals that he drinks about 3040 oz of whole cow's milk a day. He eats no meat and some fruits and vegetables. Which of the following is the most likely cause? sickle cell anemia
A 1-year-old boy is brought to the office for a well-child examination. Your office nurse has plotted his growth on the following chart (see Figure 6-1). The most appropriate initial management of this abnormality is which of the following?
A15-month-old African American male, who is otherwise healthy, is found to have an emoglobin level of 8 g/dL on routine screening. The mean corpuscular volume (MCV) is decreased. His lead screen is within normal limits. You obtain a diet history, which reveals that he drinks about 3040 oz of whole cow's milk a day. He eats no meat and some fruits and vegetables. The most effective next step in management would be to obtain which of the following?
The modern history of the protection of human research subjects began in the twentieth century in response to human experimentation which occurred during World War II. The Nuremberg Military Tribunal set forth initial basic standards for the conduct of research which ultimately became known as the Nuremberg Code (1947/1948). In subsequent years, these recommendations have been modified and expanded to reflect various aspects of medical ethics in biomedical and behavioral research. These international ethical guidelines include the Declaration of Helsinki (1964), the Belmont Report (1979), CIOMS (1982), and the Common Rule (1991). The concept of beneficence in the Belmont Report emphasizes the importance of which of the following?
Aweek-old infant presents blood in his stools. He was born at home, with the father assisting in the delivery; no physician or midwife was present. He has been breast-fed and has been nursing well. On examination, you also note some blood in his nose. He is not jaundiced; a rectal examination and guaic test of the stool confirms that blood is present. His examination is otherwise normal. He is on no medications. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
The modern history of the protection of human research subjects began in the twentieth century in response to human experimentation which occurred during World War II. The Nuremberg Military Tribunal set forth initial basic standards for the conduct of research which ultimately became known as the Nuremberg Code (1947/1948). In subsequent years, these recommendations have been modified and expanded to reflect various aspects of medical ethics in biomedical and behavioral research. These international ethical guidelines include the Declaration of Helsinki (1964), the Belmont Report (1979), CIOMS (1982), and the Common Rule (1991). The concept of justice as described in the Belmont Report means which of the following?
Mr. Jones is a 34-year-old married businessman. He and his wife are both patients in your practice. As part of his annual physical, you screen for high-risk behaviors and he admits to receiving confidential treatment at a public health clinic for gonorrhea and genital herpes. He has not revealed this information to his wife even though they are planning to have a baby. He did not return for the results of HIV screening at the public health clinic. On physical examination, you note that he has cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy, oral thrush, and seborrheic dermatitis. What is the best step in his clinical management?
A 6-year-old Caucasian female has breast enlargement (Tanner stage II) and coarse curly pubic hair. She is not yet menstruating. She is otherwise healthy and has normal growth parameters. There are no signs of virilization and her abdominal examination reveals no masses. Examination of the vaginal area shows signs of estrogenization. On laboratory evaluation, you find elevated levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and pubertal levels of estradiol. The bone age is advanced beyond the height and chronologic age. The most likely cause is which of the following?
Mr. Jones is a 34-year-old married businessman. He and his wife are both patients in your practice. As part of his annual physical, you screen for high-risk behaviors and he admits to receiving confidential treatment at a public health clinic for gonorrhea and genital herpes. He has not revealed this information to his wife even though they are planning to have a baby. He did not return for the results of HIV screening at the public health clinic. On physical examination, you note that he has cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy, oral thrush, and seborrheic dermatitis. Mr. Jones returns to your office for a follow-up visit. He adamantly refuses to discuss his HIV status with his wife and threatens to sue if you reveal the test results. What is your role as a physician?
A 10-year-old boy is brought in with a chief complaint of multiple colds. On further questioning, you elicit a history of chronic, clear nasal discharge with no seasonal variation. Other symptoms include sneezing, itching of the nose and eyes, as well as tearing and occasional eye redness. Some relief is obtained with an over-the-counter cold medicine containing antihistamine and a decongestant. His history suggests which of the following?
As an intern on a medical consultation service, you are providing a cardiology consultation for a patient who developed a myocardial infarction while undergoing an elective cholecystectomy. Although not described in the medical record, the cardiology consultant attending stated the patient experienced the myocardial infarction because of prolonged general anesthesia. The surgical attending did not make the initial incision until the patient had been sedated for more than 1 hour. As you review the medical record, you realize the patient is the father of your college roommate. When you walk in the room, the family is very happy to see you and asks, "What happened? What went wrong?" What is your ethical responsibility?
A 23-year-old pregnant woman at 5 postmenstrual weeks took coumadin until about 3 days after her menses was due. She has monthly menses. A home pregnancy test was positive on the day she took coumadin. She takes coumadin because of a history of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. She is concerned that the coumadin will cause birth defects. Which of the following is the treatment of choice during pregnancy for this woman?